Evidence

The Science is Clear

Extensive research demonstrates the validity and utility of non-invasive SEM scanning technology for early pressure injury prevention.

Trust the Science. Treat the Delta.

The science is clear: SEM = persistent focal edema = stage 1 pressure injury.1 Discover how this fact can translate into actionable prevention strategies across your care settings.

Key Results

220+
Publications Support SEM Technology
90
Peer-Reviewed Publications
7
Independent Systematic Reviews 
120+
Scientific Congress Presentations
12
Care Guidelines & Consensus Statements

SEM Scanning is Referenced in Clinical Practice Guidelines

SEM scanning is now referenced by leading clinical organizations worldwide.

All Evidence Resources

Topic

Care Setting

Evidence

Modelling the Cost-Effectiveness of Sub-Epidermal Moisture Measurement as Part of a Process of Assessment and Intervention to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Pressure Ulcers.

May 18, 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of SEM measurement compared with visual skin assessment (VSA). A decision-tree model was developed. Outcomes are quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs to the UK National Health Service.

Evidence

The Benefits of Using a First Generation SEM Scanner Versus an Equipment Selection Pathway in Preventing HAPUs.

February 1, 2023

Evidence

Sub-Epidermal Moisture Measurement and Targeted SSKIN Bundle Interventions, a Winning Combination for the Treatment of Early Pressure Ulcer Development.

December 27, 2022

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) measurement and targeted pressure injury prevention, versus visual skin assessment and usual care, on mean SEM Delta™ (∆) scores and early pressure injury development in acute hospital patients.

Evidence

Pressure Injury in Spinal Cord Injury: Consensus Statement, New Zealand

November 1, 2022

Recommended approach to pressure injuries in Spinal Cord Injury patients: “If available use a sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) scanner (for example where skin colour makes visual identification difficult).“

Evidence

Measuring Sub-Epidermal Moisture to Detect Early Pressure Ulcer Development: A Systematic Review.

August 2, 2022

Moore, Z. et al. 2022. Journal of Wound Care Aim: The aim was to assess evidence related to the measuring of sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) to detect early, nonvisible development of pressure injury.

Evidence

Sub-Epidermal Moisture Surrounding Pressure Ulcers in Persons With a Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study.

August 1, 2022

Aim: Characterization of a non-invasive method of quantifying sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) surrounding stages III and IV pressure injuries in spinal cord injury (SCI).

Evidence

Sub-Epidermal Moisture Assessment as a Prompt for Clinical Action in Treatment of Pressure Ulcers in at-Risk Hospital Patients.

April 11, 2022

Evidence

Pressure ulcer risk assessment in the ICU. Is it time for a more objective measure?

March 1, 2022

Aim: This study set out to determine the correlation between Sub-Epidermal Moisture measurements and Braden scores among Intensive Care Unit Patients.

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